Mining of Mineral Deposits

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Research into fracture mechanism of complex-structured crystalline mass under triaxial compression

Oleksii Ishchenko1, Leonid Novikov 2, Ivan Ponomarenko3, Volodymyr Konoval3, Roman Kinasz4, Kostiantyn Ishchenko2

1Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, Ukraine

2M.S. Poliakov Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Dnipro, Ukraine

3Cherkasy State Technological University, Cherkasy, Ukraine

4AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland


Min. miner. depos. 2026, 20(1):59-70


https://doi.org/10.33271/mining20.01.059

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      ABSTRACT

      Purpose. The research aims to use experimental and theoretical studies in assessing the nature of fracture of cracked crystalline mass samples with a complex structure in the brittle-plastic area under the action of triaxial loading.

      Methods. To assess the influence of physical-mechanical properties of a cracked crystalline mass and its structural peculiarities on the change in the nature of its fracture, experimental studies were conducted on rock samples. Samples were taken from the faces of preparatory workings in uranium mines, tunnels of the subway under construction (the city of Dnipro) and from the benches of granite quarries in Ukraine. The tests were conducted using proven methods in accordance with current government standards. During the testing process, the samples and the nature of crack formation were assessed synchronously using a GAOSUO P scanning microscope, and their characteristics were assessed using acoustic emission (AE) method and CT-scanning with an industrial Micro-CT scanner, the results of which were processed using Avizo software.

      Findings. During testing of the samples, it was found that their uniaxial compressive strength and fracture mode are similar. Tests have revealed several types of crack inclination angles depending on bedding. With an increase in the value of σ3, the values of σ1p and σd increase almost linearly, while the values of σ1p and σd of the samples first decrease, and then increase with an increase in the β value. It was revealed that between the crack opening and the stress state of the crack surfaces at stresses σ1 and σ2, additional strain of the sample is formed exclusively in the direction of σ3.

      Originality. It was determined that during testing of samples, the value of σ3 has a significant influence on the “stress-strain” curve characteristics with different values of β. Then, an increase in σ3, σ1-σ3, ε1, ε3, εv values indicates the ability to resist external loads and strains when testing cracked rock samples. It was proven that when σ3 is low, the linear elastic component in the “stress-strain” curve section has a greater proportion than in the yield curve section with an increase of σ3.

      Practical implications. The research conducted served as a basis for further development of theory and methods in fracture mechanics of cracked (stratified) crystalline mass, disaster prediction during mining operations in the construction of mine workings and tunnels at mining enterprises.

      Keywords: rock; triaxial load system; crystalline mass; acoustic emission; CT-scanning; differential stresses


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