Mining of Mineral Deposits

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Field-based assessment of blast-induced vibration and slope stability in an andesite quarry

Singgih Saptono1, Vega Vergiagara1, Riska Fatmawati Surachman2, Barlian Dwinagara1, Oktarian Wisnu Lusantono1, Aldin Ardian1, Shofa Rijalul Haq1

1Department of Mining Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2Geomechanical Laboratory, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia


Min. miner. depos. 2025, 19(4):63-71


https://doi.org/10.33271/mining19.04.063

Full text (PDF)


      ABSTRACT

      Purpose. In open-pit andesite quarrying, maintaining slope stability during blasting is a critical operational and safety concern. While previous research has focused primarily on peak particle velocity (PPV) and empirical vibration thresholds de-rived from coal or limestone mines, a gap remains in understanding the directional effects of blast-induced ground accelerations and their direct link to slope failure in fractured, hard rock environments.

      Methods. This study integrates multi-directional, field-measured peak particle acceleration (PPA) data with detailed topographic and geometric slope analysis. By employing scaled distance (SD) attenuation models and pseudo-static stability mode-ling, it identifies critical thresholds for slope safety under real blasting conditions. The analysis differentiates between measurement points behind, in front of, and beside the slope, revealing the role of topographic effects in the propagation of vibration.

      Findings. Results show two distinct patterns of PPV attenuation: locations behind the slope (LP1, LP2) experienced higher and more rapidly decaying PPVs due to topographic amplification, while front/side points (LP3, LP4) exhibited flatter attenuation trends. The transversal PPA component was consistently dominant, and modeling demonstrated that the factor of safety fell below the critical threshold when horizontal acceleration exceeded 0.17 g. This threshold serves as a practical upper limit for safe charge design in similar andesite settings.

      Originality. The study presents the first comprehensive, field-based evaluation that links directional ground motion measurements, local slope geometry, and critical acceleration thresholds for slope failure in an andesite quarry, thereby moving beyond generalized empirical models and providing actionable, site-specific blast design guidance.

      Practical implications. The findings support the adoption of site-calibrated vibration monitoring and directional analysis in blasting operations, enabling more precise control of charge limits and minimizing geotechnical risk – essential for maintaining safe and efficient extraction in quarries near sensitive infrastructure.

      Keywords: andesite quarry, blast-induced vibration, slope stability, scaled distance, directional ground


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