Mining of Mineral Deposits

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Quantifying the release of acidity and metals arising from drainage of acid sulfate soils in the Kelantan Plains, Malaysia

Mohd S.K. Enio1, Jusop Shamshuddin2, Che I. Fauziah2, Mohd H.A. Husni2, Qurban A. Panhwar3

1Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

2Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

3Soil and Environmental Science Division, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam, 022 Sindh, Pakistan


Min. miner. depos. 2020, 14(3):50-60


https://doi.org/10.33271/mining14.03.050

Full text (PDF)


      ABSTRACT

      Purpose. This paper discusses the release of acidity and toxic metals from acid sulfate soils in the Kelantan plains due to the oxidation of pyrite.

      Methods. A study was conducted in the field and laboratory using leaching column to quantify the release of acidity and metals from these acid sulfate soils.

      Findings. The highest pyrite content of 6.3% was recorded in the subsoil in the south region. Titrable actual acidity was significantly high (23.2 cmol H+/kg) in soils of the southern part where jarosite occurred in the topsoil. Most of the acidity has been released at the beginning of the laboratory leaching experiment, indicating that in the real field situation, the oxidation of pyrite occurred immediately after the area was drained

      Originality.The depth at which pyrite layer occurs in the soils has important implication on land quality and crop production in the area. High amount of Al (0.36-0.81 cmolc/kg) and Fe (0.35-0.7 cmolc/kg) were found in the leachates.

      Practical implications. Opening an area of acid sulfate soils in the Kelantan Plains for agriculture had oxidized pyrite in the sediments, resulting in the release of high acidity and toxic level of Al, Fe and trace elements into the soils and waterways, which can affect crops and aquatic life. This is made worse by the release of As, B, Cu, Mn and Zn into the soil solution and waterways.

      Keywords: acid sulfate soils, jarosite, pyrite, soil acidity, toxic metal, trace metals


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