Mining of Mineral Deposits

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Mitigation of the environmental risks resulting from diesel vehicle operation at the mining industry enterprises

Oleksii Kofanov1, Oleksandr Vasylkevych1, Olena Kofanova1, Oleksandr Zozul’ov1, Yuriy Kholkovsky2, Viktoriia Khrutba 3, Oleksandr Borysov4, Oleksandr Bobryshov5

1National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine

2National Aviation University, Kyiv, 03058, Ukraine

3National Transport University, Kyiv, 01010, Ukraine

4Desna-S-LTD LLC, Kyiv, 02218, Ukraine

5Dnipro University of Technology, Dnipro, 49005, Ukraine


Min. miner. depos. 2020, 14(2):110-118


https://doi.org/10.33271/mining14.02.110

Full text (PDF)


      ABSTRACT

      Purpose is to predict potentially hazardous effects of diesel vehicles of mining enterprises on the environment and to minimize the environmental risks caused by these impacts by modifying motor fuels with special additives.

      Methods. Method of mathematical modeling, implemented within the MathCAD environment, was used for assessment of the increase of environmental load on the roadside territories and human health caused by emissions of pollutants from exhaust gases of heavy diesel vehicles (HDV) of mining enterprises. The data, concerning potential emissions of the most hazardous pollutants from the exhaust gases of HDVs, has been generalized both by own field observations and by the analysis of scientific literary sources. The load on the environment by the analyzed pollutants has been corrected taking into consideration the share of heavy diesel vehicles engaged in cargo carriages by means of pendular routes of mining enterprises.

      Findings. Increased level of the environmental risk, resulted from operation of heavy diesel vehicles and other types of special-purpose diesel machines, has been identified. It has been proposed to apply a method of physical and chemical control of the motor fuel by adding multifunctional fuel composition (i.e. additive) containing both surface-active and antioxidant complexes. It has been determined that the use of the developed additive decreases substantially the load on the environment, in particular, on the roadway – by 26-29% for nitrogen oxides and by 39-41% for particulate matter (PM). The abovementioned mitigates environmental risks as well as the impact of heavy diesel vehicles on the human health. The substantial reduction of the distances, within which safe concentration levels of the analyzed pollutants can be observed, has been achieved.

      Originality.It has been identified that the diesel fuel modification by the developed additive makes it possible to solve a problem of local and diffuse pollution of a roadside space resulted from HDV emissions. It has been proved that the use of the fuel composition decreases toxic level of exhaust gases of diesel motors and reduces fuel consumption while improving the fuel burning conditions as well as air-fuel mixture forming.

      Practical implications.The obtained results may be applied to improve ecological safety level of the roadside territories and to minimize the ecological risks resulted from HDVs of mining enterprises for the environment and human health.

      Keywords: diesel vehicles, mining industry, environmental risk, additives, exhaust gases, biodiesel


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