Regularities of hydromechanical amber extraction from sandy deposits

Ye. Malanchuk¹, V. Korniienko¹, V. Moshynskyi¹, V. Soroka¹, A. Khrystyuk¹, Z. Malanchuk¹

¹National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine

Min. miner. depos. 2019, 13(1):49-57

https://doi.org/10.33271/mining13.01.049

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ABSTRACT

Purpose is to analyze the efficiency of hydromechanical amber extraction from sandy deposits relying upon the determined regularities concerning the effect of parameters while carrying out a series of laboratory tests and full-scale experiments.

Methods. Laboratory tests and full-scale experiments (Volodymyrets amber-bearing deposit, village of Berezhnytsia) were carried out to analyze effect of the parameters of a hydromechanical technique on the velocity of amber extraction. The experiments also involved studies of occurrence medium; in this context, boiling process was mo-deled; and factors and parameters effecting suspense medium formation were researched. Methods of mathematical statistics were applied to obtain dependences describing mining parameters effect on amber extraction velocity.

Findings. Basic parameters of hydromechanical technique, effecting amber extraction velocity, have been determined. Efficient values of air supply to provide maximum velocity of amber floating have been identified. Mathematical dependences, determining amber floating velocity depending upon air supply and mechanical effect frequency, have been obtained. In this context, amber production capacity is 90 to 95%. Basic parameters effecting amber mining (i.e. environmental density; amplitude of oscillations and their frequency; and water and air supply to sandy deposit of amber-bearing sand) have been defined.

Originality.It has been first proved that amber floating velocity is of polynomial nature dependence upon environmental density where extremum is with 0.004 – 0.006 m³/h air supply value; amber extraction experiences 2 – 3 times intensification, if environmental density (ρ_c) is 1670 – 1750 kg/m³, oscillation frequency is 26 – 36 Hz, amplitude is A = 1.0 – 2.4 mm, and air supply is q_a = 0.004 – 0.006 m³/h. In this context, amber floating (v) is 0.09 – 0.12 m/s. If air supply is more than q_a = 0.020 m³/h, amber extraction process stops. It has been first obtained polynomial dependence of amber flotation on oscillation frequency of operating device as well as on air supply to rock mass.

Practical implications. The determined regularities of hydromechanical amber extraction from amber-bearing sand help make calculations, and select facilities for hydromechanical amber mining.

Keywords: sandy deposit, amber, hydromechanical mining, air supply, floating velocity

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